Tijdreeks2-Stap9

*Unverified author*

R Software Module: /rwasp_centraltendency.wasp (opens new window with default values)

Title produced by software: Central Tendency

Date of computation: Fri, 02 Jul 2010 11:35:55 +0000

Cite this page as follows:

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Jul/02/t1278070591uaigx5t1hbb4og8.htm/, Retrieved Fri, 02 Jul 2010 13:36:33 +0200

BibTeX entries for LaTeX users:

@Manual{KEY, author = {{YOUR NAME}}, publisher = {Office for Research Development and Education}, title = {Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Jul/02/t1278070591uaigx5t1hbb4og8.htm/}, year = {2010}, } @Manual{R, title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing}, author = {{R Development Core Team}}, organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, year = {2010}, note = {{ISBN} 3-900051-07-0}, url = {http://www.R-project.org}, }

Original text written by user:

IsPrivate?

No (this computation is public)

User-defined keywords:

Steffi Poppe

Dataseries X:

» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «

59 58 57 55 53 52 53 55 56 56 57 59 68 68 68 70 66 64 72 80 84 82 83 86 99 100 95 98 103 107 114 123 132 137 141 146 156 156 143 143 151 149 156 166 177 180 189 195 205 209 199 191 198 200 208 224 234 243 249 258 274 270 261 258 261 258 264 270 267 287 297 306 322 323 309 303 306 301 316 327 330 342 359 379

Output produced by software:

Summary of computational transaction Raw Input view raw input (R code) Raw Output view raw output of R engine Computing time 1 seconds R Server 'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135 Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data Measure Value S.E. Value/S.E. Arithmetic Mean 175.297619047619 10.5090156054947 16.6806888131334 Geometric Mean 146.983997226144 Harmonic Mean 120.863161547842 Quadratic Mean 199.739145363337 Winsorized Mean ( 1 / 28 ) 175.071428571429 10.4542934067872 16.7463664696619 Winsorized Mean ( 2 / 28 ) 174.666666666667 10.3720426849675 16.8401415200321 Winsorized Mean ( 3 / 28 ) 174.309523809524 10.2812427197236 16.9541298227623 Winsorized Mean ( 4 / 28 ) 174.166666666667 10.2553854054587 16.9829469864644 Winsorized Mean ( 5 / 28 ) 173.988095238095 10.2047525579912 17.0497123031021 Winsorized Mean ( 6 / 28 ) 173.916666666667 10.1922175705558 17.0636728918634 Winsorized Mean ( 7 / 28 ) 173.5 10.0943270651614 17.1878718492093 Winsorized Mean ( 8 / 28 ) 172.833333333333 9.98284290266058 17.3130374802623 Winsorized Mean ( 9 / 28 ) 172.619047619048 9.91543279173819 17.4091289048803 Winsorized Mean ( 10 / 28 ) 172.738095238095 9.89890260681293 17.4502267674811 Winsorized Mean ( 11 / 28 ) 172.345238095238 9.83560356798957 17.5225889193159 Winsorized Mean ( 12 / 28 ) 172.773809523810 9.69208013991121 17.8262877555398 Winsorized Mean ( 13 / 28 ) 172.464285714286 9.55241070744678 18.0545300025508 Winsorized Mean ( 14 / 28 ) 171.130952380952 9.25091333448006 18.4988169484965 Winsorized Mean ( 15 / 28 ) 168.809523809524 8.91047582990607 18.9450627589327 Winsorized Mean ( 16 / 28 ) 168.047619047619 8.80312989966523 19.0895307649623 Winsorized Mean ( 17 / 28 ) 168.452380952381 8.74797582950307 19.2561552792893 Winsorized Mean ( 18 / 28 ) 168.238095238095 8.6006013720482 19.5612013579499 Winsorized Mean ( 19 / 28 ) 169.369047619048 8.26696658954353 20.4874479392809 Winsorized Mean ( 20 / 28 ) 169.130952380952 8.10710326085986 20.8620695874810 Winsorized Mean ( 21 / 28 ) 169.380952380952 8.07480631737271 20.9764724655419 Winsorized Mean ( 22 / 28 ) 168.857142857143 7.93416584298345 21.2822804815041 Winsorized Mean ( 23 / 28 ) 169.404761904762 7.86389381213839 21.5420968227312 Winsorized Mean ( 24 / 28 ) 171.976190476190 7.54135616697681 22.8044116559917 Winsorized Mean ( 25 / 28 ) 170.190476190476 7.06738478968591 24.0811108005398 Winsorized Mean ( 26 / 28 ) 168.642857142857 6.78173026748094 24.8672315900731 Winsorized Mean ( 27 / 28 ) 166.071428571429 6.36451962625184 26.0933170645638 Winsorized Mean ( 28 / 28 ) 163.738095238095 5.81644845156204 28.1508718940202 Trimmed Mean ( 1 / 28 ) 174.317073170732 10.3623580197963 16.8221434578612 Trimmed Mean ( 2 / 28 ) 173.525 10.2526003956761 16.9249744750787 Trimmed Mean ( 3 / 28 ) 172.910256410256 10.1716239296279 16.9992773628411 Trimmed Mean ( 4 / 28 ) 172.394736842105 10.1115893027331 17.049222598025 Trimmed Mean ( 5 / 28 ) 171.891891891892 10.0451510784019 17.1119269934603 Trimmed Mean ( 6 / 28 ) 171.402777777778 9.97656996407737 17.1805318255621 Trimmed Mean ( 7 / 28 ) 170.9 9.89376594401067 17.2735034330842 Trimmed Mean ( 8 / 28 ) 170.441176470588 9.8133454122189 17.3683050286161 Trimmed Mean ( 9 / 28 ) 170.060606060606 9.73631078420655 17.4666369870264 Trimmed Mean ( 10 / 28 ) 169.6875 9.6520279913207 17.5805022688068 Trimmed Mean ( 11 / 28 ) 169.274193548387 9.54801302917569 17.7287350814394 Trimmed Mean ( 12 / 28 ) 168.883333333333 9.42907187489021 17.9109180176124 Trimmed Mean ( 13 / 28 ) 168.413793103448 9.30533462916044 18.0986283476238 Trimmed Mean ( 14 / 28 ) 167.946428571429 9.17415977407724 18.3064643201422 Trimmed Mean ( 15 / 28 ) 167.592592592593 9.06261773411149 18.4927354887515 Trimmed Mean ( 16 / 28 ) 167.461538461538 8.97913038425 18.6500842838052 Trimmed Mean ( 17 / 28 ) 167.4 8.8849792989549 18.8407867218881 Trimmed Mean ( 18 / 28 ) 167.291666666667 8.76697736620096 19.0820233335631 Trimmed Mean ( 19 / 28 ) 167.195652173913 8.63576539887256 19.3608376850697 Trimmed Mean ( 20 / 28 ) 166.977272727273 8.5217349668979 19.5942813729698 Trimmed Mean ( 21 / 28 ) 166.761904761905 8.39409736225835 19.8665678470328 Trimmed Mean ( 22 / 28 ) 166.5 8.22106425202342 20.2528522945213 Trimmed Mean ( 23 / 28 ) 166.263157894737 8.0119651108038 20.7518574526165 Trimmed Mean ( 24 / 28 ) 165.944444444444 7.73529782564958 21.4528836749100 Trimmed Mean ( 25 / 28 ) 165.323529411765 7.4258930080194 22.2631176120135 Trimmed Mean ( 26 / 28 ) 164.8125 7.12283321608709 23.1386156322974 Trimmed Mean ( 27 / 28 ) 164.4 6.77038853534568 24.282210561732 Trimmed Mean ( 28 / 28 ) 164.214285714286 6.39182620045873 25.6912939376387 Median 156 Midrange 215.5 Midmean - Weighted Average at Xnp 166.977272727273 Midmean - Weighted Average at X(n+1)p 168.953488372093 Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function 166.977272727273 Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging 168.953488372093 Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation 168.953488372093 Midmean - Closest Observation 166.977272727273 Midmean - True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit 168.953488372093 Midmean - MS Excel (old versions) 166.977272727273 Number of observations 84

Charts produced by software:

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Jul/02/t1278070591uaigx5t1hbb4og8/1mvu21278070553.png (open in new window) http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Jul/02/t1278070591uaigx5t1hbb4og8/1mvu21278070553.ps (open in new window) http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Jul/02/t1278070591uaigx5t1hbb4og8/2mvu21278070553.png (open in new window) http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Jul/02/t1278070591uaigx5t1hbb4og8/2mvu21278070553.ps (open in new window)

Parameters (Session):

Parameters (R input):

R code (references can be found in the software module):

geomean <- function(x) { return(exp(mean(log(x)))) } harmean <- function(x) { return(1/mean(1/x)) } quamean <- function(x) { return(sqrt(mean(x*x))) } winmean <- function(x) { x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)]) n<-length(x) denom <- 3 nodenom <- n/denom if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40 sqrtn = sqrt(n) roundnodenom = floor(nodenom) win <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2)) for (j in 1:roundnodenom) { win[j,1] <- (j*x[j+1]+sum(x[(j+1):(n-j)])+j*x[n-j])/n win[j,2] <- sd(c(rep(x[j+1],j),x[(j+1):(n-j)],rep(x[n-j],j)))/sqrtn } return(win) } trimean <- function(x) { x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)]) n<-length(x) denom <- 3 nodenom <- n/denom if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40 sqrtn = sqrt(n) roundnodenom = floor(nodenom) tri <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2)) for (j in 1:roundnodenom) { tri[j,1] <- mean(x,trim=j/n) tri[j,2] <- sd(x[(j+1):(n-j)]) / sqrt(n-j*2) } return(tri) } midrange <- function(x) { return((max(x)+min(x))/2) } q1 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p; i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1] } q2 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n+1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1] } q3 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] } } q4 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2 } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] } } q5 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n-1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i+1] } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] + f*(data[i+2]-data[i+1]) } } q6 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p+0.5 i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i qvalue <- data[i] } q7 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n+1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { qvalue <- f*data[i] + (1-f)*data[i+1] } } q8 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n+1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { if (f == 0.5) { qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2 } else { if (f < 0.5) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] } } } } midmean <- function(x,def) { x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)]) n<-length(x) if (def==1) { qvalue1 <- q1(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q1(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==2) { qvalue1 <- q2(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q2(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==3) { qvalue1 <- q3(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q3(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==4) { qvalue1 <- q4(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q4(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==5) { qvalue1 <- q5(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q5(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==6) { qvalue1 <- q6(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q6(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==7) { qvalue1 <- q7(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q7(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==8) { qvalue1 <- q8(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q8(x,n,0.75,i,f) } midm <- 0 myn <- 0 roundno4 <- round(n/4) round3no4 <- round(3*n/4) for (i in 1:n) { if ((x[i]>=qvalue1) & (x[i]<=qvalue3)){ midm = midm + x[i] myn = myn + 1 } } midm = midm / myn return(midm) } (arm <- mean(x)) sqrtn <- sqrt(length(x)) (armse <- sd(x) / sqrtn) (armose <- arm / armse) (geo <- geomean(x)) (har <- harmean(x)) (qua <- quamean(x)) (win <- winmean(x)) (tri <- trimean(x)) (midr <- midrange(x)) midm <- array(NA,dim=8) for (j in 1:8) midm[j] <- midmean(x,j) midm bitmap(file='test1.png') lb <- win[,1] - 2*win[,2] ub <- win[,1] + 2*win[,2] if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(win[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(win[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax)) lines(ub,lty=3) lines(lb,lty=3) grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test2.png') lb <- tri[,1] - 2*tri[,2] ub <- tri[,1] + 2*tri[,2] if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(tri[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(tri[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax)) lines(ub,lty=3) lines(lb,lty=3) grid() dev.off() load(file='createtable') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data',4,TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Measure',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Value',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'S.E.',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Value/S.E.',header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', 'Arithmetic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Arithmetic Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,arm) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean_standard_error.htm', armse, 'click to view the definition of the Standard Error of the Arithmetic Mean')) a<-table.element(a,armose) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm', 'Geometric Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Geometric Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,geo) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/harmonic_mean.htm', 'Harmonic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Harmonic Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,har) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/quadratic_mean.htm', 'Quadratic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Quadratic Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,qua) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) for (j in 1:length(win[,1])) { a<-table.row.start(a) mylabel <- paste('Winsorized Mean (',j) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/') mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(win[,1])) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')') a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/winsorized_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Winsorized Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]) a<-table.element(a,win[j,2]) a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]/win[j,2]) a<-table.row.end(a) } for (j in 1:length(tri[,1])) { a<-table.row.start(a) mylabel <- paste('Trimmed Mean (',j) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/') mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(tri[,1])) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')') a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Trimmed Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]) a<-table.element(a,tri[j,2]) a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]/tri[j,2]) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/median_1.htm', 'Median', 'click to view the definition of the Median'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,median(x)) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midrange.htm', 'Midrange', 'click to view the definition of the Midrange'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midr) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_1.htm','Weighted Average at Xnp',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[1]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_2.htm','Weighted Average at X(n+1)p',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[2]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_3.htm','Empirical Distribution Function',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[3]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_4.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[4]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_5.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[5]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_6.htm','Closest Observation',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[6]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_7.htm','True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[7]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_8.htm','MS Excel (old versions)',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[8]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Number of observations',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,length(x)) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')

Copyright

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.

Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa

Disclaimer

Information provided on this web site is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and noninfringement. We use reasonable efforts to include accurate and timely information and periodically update the information, and software without notice. However, we make no warranties or representations as to the accuracy or completeness of such information (or software), and we assume no liability or responsibility for errors or omissions in the content of this web site, or any software bugs in online applications. Your use of this web site is AT YOUR OWN RISK. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory shall we be liable to you or any other person for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, exemplary, or consequential damages arising from your access to, or use of, this web site.

Privacy Policy

We may request personal information to be submitted to our servers in order to be able to:

• personalize online software applications according to your needs
• enforce strict security rules with respect to the data that you upload (e.g. statistical data)
• manage user sessions of online applications
• alert you about important changes or upgrades in resources or applications

We NEVER allow other companies to directly offer registered users information about their products and services. Banner references and hyperlinks of third parties NEVER contain any personal data of the visitor.

We do NOT sell, nor transmit by any means, personal information, nor statistical data series uploaded by you to third parties.

We carefully protect your data from loss, misuse, alteration, and destruction. However, at any time, and under any circumstance you are solely responsible for managing your passwords, and keeping them secret.

We store a unique ANONYMOUS USER ID in the form of a small 'Cookie' on your computer. This allows us to track your progress when using this website which is necessary to create state-dependent features. The cookie is used for NO OTHER PURPOSE. At any time you may opt to disallow cookies from this website - this will not affect other features of this website.

We examine cookies that are used by third-parties (banner and online ads) very closely: abuse from third-parties automatically results in termination of the advertising contract without refund. We have very good reason to believe that the cookies that are produced by third parties (banner ads) do NOT cause any privacy or security risk.

FreeStatistics.org is safe. There is no need to download any software to use the applications and services contained in this website. Hence, your system's security is not compromised by their use, and your personal data - other than data you submit in the account application form, and the user-agent information that is transmitted by your browser - is never transmitted to our servers.

As a general rule, we do not log on-line behavior of individuals (other than normal logging of webserver 'hits'). However, in cases of abuse, hacking, unauthorized access, Denial of Service attacks, illegal copying, hotlinking, non-compliance with international webstandards (such as robots.txt), or any other harmful behavior, our system engineers are empowered to log, track, identify, publish, and ban misbehaving individuals - even if this leads to ban entire blocks of IP addresses, or disclosing user's identity.

FreeStatistics.org is powered by