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*The author of this computation has been verified*

R Software Module: /rwasp_multipleregression.wasp (opens new window with default values)

Title produced by software: Multiple Regression

Date of computation: Wed, 29 Dec 2010 17:06:40 +0000

Cite this page as follows:

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6.htm/, Retrieved Wed, 29 Dec 2010 18:04:58 +0100

BibTeX entries for LaTeX users:

@Manual{KEY,
    author = {{YOUR NAME}},
    publisher = {Office for Research Development and Education},
    title = {Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6.htm/},
    year = {2010},
}
@Manual{R,
    title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
    author = {{R Development Core Team}},
    organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing},
    address = {Vienna, Austria},
    year = {2010},
    note = {{ISBN} 3-900051-07-0},
    url = {http://www.R-project.org},
}

Original text written by user:

IsPrivate?

No (this computation is public)

User-defined keywords:

Dataseries X:

» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «

52,3 36,4 78,44 46,8 88,76 57,2 54,08 67,6 111,44 74,3 105,2 86,5 45,73 91,3 122,35 102,8 142,24 114,5 86,22 120,9 174,5 135 185,2 144 111,8 156 214,6 173,7 144,6 182 174,36 199,2 215,4 208 286,24 217,8 188,56 223,2 237,2 234 181,8 251 373 260 191,6 289,5 247,12 296,4 269,6 312

Output produced by software:

Enter (or paste) a matrix (table) containing all data (time) series. Every column represents a different variable and must be delimited by a space or Tab. Every row represents a period in time (or category) and must be delimited by hard returns. The easiest way to enter data is to copy and paste a block of spreadsheet cells. Please, do not use commas or spaces to seperate groups of digits!

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Input	view raw input (R code)
Raw Output	view raw output of R engine
Computing time	3 seconds
R Server	'Herman Ole Andreas Wold' @ www.yougetit.org

Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation

CONS[t] = + 30.7063274174266 + 0.812402101557397INCOME[t] + e[t]

Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares
Variable	Parameter	S.D.	T-STAT H0: parameter = 0	2-tail p-value	1-tail p-value
(Intercept)	30.7063274174266	20.643802	1.4874	0.150482	0.075241
INCOME	0.812402101557397	0.113151	7.1798	0	0

Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics
Multiple R	0.83155231210972
R-squared	0.691479247775022
Adjusted R-squared	0.67806530202611
F-TEST (value)	51.5492801833571
F-TEST (DF numerator)	1
F-TEST (DF denominator)	23
p-value	2.60483780212262e-07
Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics
Residual Standard Deviation	46.1371915351095
Sum Squared Residuals	48958.7301831898

Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals
Time or Index	Actuals	Interpolation Forecast	Residuals Prediction Error
1	52.3	60.2777639141159	-7.97776391411593
2	78.44	68.7267457703128	9.71325422968724
3	88.76	77.1757276265097	11.5842723734903
4	54.08	85.6247094827066	-31.5447094827066
5	111.44	91.0678035631412	20.3721964368588
6	105.2	100.979109202141	4.22089079785857
7	45.73	104.878639289617	-59.148639289617
8	122.35	114.221263457527	8.128736542473
9	142.24	123.726368045749	18.5136319542515
10	86.22	128.925741495716	-42.7057414957159
11	174.5	140.380611127675	34.1193888723248
12	185.2	147.692230041692	37.5077699583082
13	111.8	157.441055260381	-45.6410552603805
14	214.6	171.820572457946	42.7794275420536
15	144.6	178.563509900873	-33.9635099008728
16	174.36	192.53682604766	-18.17682604766
17	215.4	199.685964541365	15.7140354586349
18	286.24	207.647505136628	78.5924948633724
19	188.56	212.034476485038	-23.4744764850376
20	237.2	220.808419181857	16.3915808181425
21	181.8	234.619254908333	-52.8192549083332
22	373	241.93087382235	131.06912617765
23	191.6	265.896735818293	-74.296735818293
24	247.12	271.502310319039	-24.382310319039
25	269.6	284.175783103334	-14.5757831033344

Charts produced by software:

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/109qbg1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/109qbg1293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/1vhe81293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/1vhe81293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/2vhe81293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/2vhe81293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/3vhe81293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/3vhe81293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/4nqvs1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/4nqvs1293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/5nqvs1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/5nqvs1293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/6nqvs1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/6nqvs1293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/7yzuv1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/7yzuv1293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/89qbg1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/89qbg1293642397.ps (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/99qbg1293642397.png (open in new window)

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2010/Dec/29/t12936422885p9urc6wiarxdd6/99qbg1293642397.ps (open in new window)

Parameters (Session):

par1 = 1 ; par2 = Do not include Seasonal Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ;

Parameters (R input):

par1 = 1 ; par2 = Do not include Seasonal Dummies ; par3 = No Linear Trend ;

R code (references can be found in the software module):

library(lattice)

library(lmtest)

n25 <- 25 #minimum number of obs. for Goldfeld-Quandt test

par1 <- as.numeric(par1)

x <- t(y)

k <- length(x[1,])

n <- length(x[,1])

x1 <- cbind(x[,par1], x[,1:k!=par1])

mycolnames <- c(colnames(x)[par1], colnames(x)[1:k!=par1])

colnames(x1) <- mycolnames #colnames(x)[par1]

x <- x1

if (par3 == 'First Differences'){

x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n-1,k), dimnames=list(1:(n-1), paste('(1-B)',colnames(x),sep='')))

for (i in 1:n-1) {

for (j in 1:k) {

x2[i,j] <- x[i+1,j] - x[i,j]

}

}

x <- x2

}

if (par2 == 'Include Monthly Dummies'){

x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,11), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('M', seq(1:11), sep ='')))

for (i in 1:11){

x2[seq(i,n,12),i] <- 1

}

x <- cbind(x, x2)

}

if (par2 == 'Include Quarterly Dummies'){

x2 <- array(0, dim=c(n,3), dimnames=list(1:n, paste('Q', seq(1:3), sep ='')))

for (i in 1:3){

x2[seq(i,n,4),i] <- 1

}

x <- cbind(x, x2)

}

k <- length(x[1,])

if (par3 == 'Linear Trend'){

x <- cbind(x, c(1:n))

colnames(x)[k+1] <- 't'

}

x

k <- length(x[1,])

df <- as.data.frame(x)

(mylm <- lm(df))

(mysum <- summary(mylm))

if (n > n25) {

kp3 <- k + 3

nmkm3 <- n - k - 3

gqarr <- array(NA, dim=c(nmkm3-kp3+1,3))

numgqtests <- 0

numsignificant1 <- 0

numsignificant5 <- 0

numsignificant10 <- 0

for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {

j <- 0

numgqtests <- numgqtests + 1

for (myalt in c('greater', 'two.sided', 'less')) {

j <- j + 1

gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,j] <- gqtest(mylm, point=mypoint, alternative=myalt)$p.value

}

if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.01) numsignificant1 <- numsignificant1 + 1

if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.05) numsignificant5 <- numsignificant5 + 1

if (gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2] < 0.10) numsignificant10 <- numsignificant10 + 1

}

gqarr

}

bitmap(file='test0.png')

plot(x[,1], type='l', main='Actuals and Interpolation', ylab='value of Actuals and Interpolation (dots)', xlab='time or index')

points(x[,1]-mysum$resid)

grid()

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test1.png')

plot(mysum$resid, type='b', pch=19, main='Residuals', ylab='value of Residuals', xlab='time or index')

grid()

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test2.png')

hist(mysum$resid, main='Residual Histogram', xlab='values of Residuals')

grid()

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test3.png')

densityplot(~mysum$resid,col='black',main='Residual Density Plot', xlab='values of Residuals')

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test4.png')

qqnorm(mysum$resid, main='Residual Normal Q-Q Plot')

qqline(mysum$resid)

grid()

dev.off()

(myerror <- as.ts(mysum$resid))

bitmap(file='test5.png')

dum <- cbind(lag(myerror,k=1),myerror)

dum

dum1 <- dum[2:length(myerror),]

dum1

z <- as.data.frame(dum1)

z

plot(z,main=paste('Residual Lag plot, lowess, and regression line'), ylab='values of Residuals', xlab='lagged values of Residuals')

lines(lowess(z))

abline(lm(z))

grid()

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test6.png')

acf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Autocorrelation Function')

grid()

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test7.png')

pacf(mysum$resid, lag.max=length(mysum$resid)/2, main='Residual Partial Autocorrelation Function')

grid()

dev.off()

bitmap(file='test8.png')

opar <- par(mfrow = c(2,2), oma = c(0, 0, 1.1, 0))

plot(mylm, las = 1, sub='Residual Diagnostics')

par(opar)

dev.off()

if (n > n25) {

bitmap(file='test9.png')

plot(kp3:nmkm3,gqarr[,2], main='Goldfeld-Quandt test',ylab='2-sided p-value',xlab='breakpoint')

grid()

dev.off()

}

load(file='createtable')

a<-table.start()

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Estimated Regression Equation', 1, TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

myeq <- colnames(x)[1]

myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t] = ', sep='')

for (i in 1:k){

if (mysum$coefficients[i,1] > 0) myeq <- paste(myeq, '+', '')

myeq <- paste(myeq, mysum$coefficients[i,1], sep=' ')

if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != '(Intercept)') {

myeq <- paste(myeq, rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i], sep='')

if (rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i] != 't') myeq <- paste(myeq, '[t]', sep='')

}

}

myeq <- paste(myeq, ' + e[t]')

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, myeq)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.end(a)

table.save(a,file='mytable1.tab')

a<-table.start()

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/ols1.htm','Multiple Linear Regression - Ordinary Least Squares',''), 6, TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'Variable',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'Parameter',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'S.D.',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'T-STAT<br />H0: parameter = 0',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'2-tail p-value',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'1-tail p-value',header=TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

for (i in 1:k){

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,rownames(mysum$coefficients)[i],header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,mysum$coefficients[i,1])

a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,2],6))

a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,3],4))

a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4],6))

a<-table.element(a, round(mysum$coefficients[i,4]/2,6))

a<-table.row.end(a)

}

a<-table.end(a)

table.save(a,file='mytable2.tab')

a<-table.start()

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Regression Statistics', 2, TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple R',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, sqrt(mysum$r.squared))

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'R-squared',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, mysum$r.squared)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Adjusted R-squared',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, mysum$adj.r.squared)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (value)',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[1])

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF numerator)',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[2])

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'F-TEST (DF denominator)',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, mysum$fstatistic[3])

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'p-value',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, 1-pf(mysum$fstatistic[1],mysum$fstatistic[2],mysum$fstatistic[3]))

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Residual Statistics', 2, TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Residual Standard Deviation',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, mysum$sigma)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Sum Squared Residuals',1,TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, sum(myerror*myerror))

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.end(a)

table.save(a,file='mytable3.tab')

a<-table.start()

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Multiple Linear Regression - Actuals, Interpolation, and Residuals', 4, TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a, 'Time or Index', 1, TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, 'Actuals', 1, TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, 'Interpolation<br />Forecast', 1, TRUE)

a<-table.element(a, 'Residuals<br />Prediction Error', 1, TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

for (i in 1:n) {

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,i, 1, TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,x[i])

a<-table.element(a,x[i]-mysum$resid[i])

a<-table.element(a,mysum$resid[i])

a<-table.row.end(a)

}

a<-table.end(a)

table.save(a,file='mytable4.tab')

if (n > n25) {

a<-table.start()

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'p-values',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'Alternative Hypothesis',3,header=TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'breakpoint index',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'greater',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'2-sided',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'less',header=TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

for (mypoint in kp3:nmkm3) {

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,mypoint,header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,1])

a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,2])

a<-table.element(a,gqarr[mypoint-kp3+1,3])

a<-table.row.end(a)

}

a<-table.end(a)

table.save(a,file='mytable5.tab')

a<-table.start()

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'Meta Analysis of Goldfeld-Quandt test for Heteroskedasticity',4,TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'Description',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'# significant tests',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'% significant tests',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,'OK/NOK',header=TRUE)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'1% type I error level',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1)

a<-table.element(a,numsignificant1/numgqtests)

if (numsignificant1/numgqtests < 0.01) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'

a<-table.element(a,dum)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'5% type I error level',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5)

a<-table.element(a,numsignificant5/numgqtests)

if (numsignificant5/numgqtests < 0.05) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'

a<-table.element(a,dum)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.row.start(a)

a<-table.element(a,'10% type I error level',header=TRUE)

a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10)

a<-table.element(a,numsignificant10/numgqtests)

if (numsignificant10/numgqtests < 0.1) dum <- 'OK' else dum <- 'NOK'

a<-table.element(a,dum)

a<-table.row.end(a)

a<-table.end(a)

table.save(a,file='mytable6.tab')

}

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Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa

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