central tendency

*The author of this computation has been verified*

R Software Module: /rwasp_centraltendency.wasp (opens new window with default values)

Title produced by software: Central Tendency

Date of computation: Mon, 21 Dec 2009 07:16:52 -0700

Cite this page as follows:

Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Dec/21/t1261405054rdh24qd3vd8rh0x.htm/, Retrieved Mon, 21 Dec 2009 15:17:37 +0100

BibTeX entries for LaTeX users:

@Manual{KEY, author = {{YOUR NAME}}, publisher = {Office for Research Development and Education}, title = {Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Dec/21/t1261405054rdh24qd3vd8rh0x.htm/}, year = {2009}, } @Manual{R, title = {R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing}, author = {{R Development Core Team}}, organization = {R Foundation for Statistical Computing}, address = {Vienna, Austria}, year = {2009}, note = {{ISBN} 3-900051-07-0}, url = {http://www.R-project.org}, }

Original text written by user:

IsPrivate?

No (this computation is public)

User-defined keywords:

Dataseries X:

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108.5 112.3 116.6 115.5 120.1 132.9 128.1 129.3 132.5 131 124.9 120.8 122 122.1 127.4 135.2 137.3 135 136 138.4 134.7 138.4 133.9 133.6 141.2 151.8 155.4 156.6 161.6 160.7 156 159.5 168.7 169.9 169.9 185.9 190.8 195.8 211.9 227.1 251.3 256.7 251.9 251.2 270.3 267.2 243 229.9 187.2 178.2 175.2 192.4 187 184 194.1 212.7 217.5 200.5 205.9 196.5 206.3

Output produced by software:

Summary of computational transaction Raw Input view raw input (R code) Raw Output view raw output of R engine Computing time 3 seconds R Server 'Gwilym Jenkins' @ 72.249.127.135 Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data Measure Value S.E. Value/S.E. Arithmetic Mean 170.3 5.70323654636779 29.8602378869344 Geometric Mean 164.902221190153 Harmonic Mean 159.914992641311 Quadratic Mean 175.936648900192 Winsorized Mean ( 1 / 20 ) 170.311475409836 5.67765349166094 29.9968068956623 Winsorized Mean ( 2 / 20 ) 170.072131147541 5.56649968556903 30.5527963270073 Winsorized Mean ( 3 / 20 ) 169.890163934426 5.49774255953461 30.9018041668374 Winsorized Mean ( 4 / 20 ) 170.080327868852 5.45189084343223 31.1965761518766 Winsorized Mean ( 5 / 20 ) 170.129508196721 5.44113724866506 31.2672701352022 Winsorized Mean ( 6 / 20 ) 169.440983606557 5.22847780931071 32.4073257621601 Winsorized Mean ( 7 / 20 ) 167.949180327869 4.89121528974755 34.3369020537506 Winsorized Mean ( 8 / 20 ) 167.949180327869 4.75801861167239 35.2981343780067 Winsorized Mean ( 9 / 20 ) 166.901639344262 4.42045882679187 37.756632486359 Winsorized Mean ( 10 / 20 ) 166.229508196721 4.25663567109119 39.0518524584248 Winsorized Mean ( 11 / 20 ) 166.301639344262 4.19840621061225 39.6106596174291 Winsorized Mean ( 12 / 20 ) 165.534426229508 3.95502093923143 41.8542477455698 Winsorized Mean ( 13 / 20 ) 165.768852459016 3.89435596994875 42.5664355642348 Winsorized Mean ( 14 / 20 ) 164.62131147541 3.67376246941965 44.8100041430864 Winsorized Mean ( 15 / 20 ) 163.809836065574 3.49210249109262 46.9086564565064 Winsorized Mean ( 16 / 20 ) 163.704918032787 3.45221986571744 47.4201888641197 Winsorized Mean ( 17 / 20 ) 163.454098360656 3.34735894079605 48.8307651649046 Winsorized Mean ( 18 / 20 ) 163.040983606557 3.25873217581798 50.0320292709027 Winsorized Mean ( 19 / 20 ) 162.604918032787 3.17548793740402 51.2062779762022 Winsorized Mean ( 20 / 20 ) 161.686885245902 2.96564894013424 54.5199005377161 Trimmed Mean ( 1 / 20 ) 169.652542372881 5.54468872808591 30.5973068449322 Trimmed Mean ( 2 / 20 ) 168.947368421053 5.37944145649475 31.4061171196645 Trimmed Mean ( 3 / 20 ) 168.323636363636 5.24782460213661 32.0749356400183 Trimmed Mean ( 4 / 20 ) 167.722641509434 5.1152647573517 32.7886530737987 Trimmed Mean ( 5 / 20 ) 167.017647058824 4.96398298798048 33.6458943278474 Trimmed Mean ( 6 / 20 ) 166.242857142857 4.77302511071155 34.8296632191977 Trimmed Mean ( 7 / 20 ) 165.551063829787 4.59815036652331 36.0038386380482 Trimmed Mean ( 8 / 20 ) 165.086666666667 4.47623646932252 36.8806848784851 Trimmed Mean ( 9 / 20 ) 164.579069767442 4.3517127369145 37.8193781890423 Trimmed Mean ( 10 / 20 ) 164.195121951220 4.27784985771076 38.3826285196195 Trimmed Mean ( 11 / 20 ) 163.876923076923 4.2168344926225 38.8625456758219 Trimmed Mean ( 12 / 20 ) 163.513513513514 4.14143742393493 39.4823093471139 Trimmed Mean ( 13 / 20 ) 163.22 4.0949831983731 39.8585273963629 Trimmed Mean ( 14 / 20 ) 162.857575757576 4.03410421110341 40.3701955218036 Trimmed Mean ( 15 / 20 ) 162.609677419355 3.99852487541682 40.6674167313774 Trimmed Mean ( 16 / 20 ) 162.441379310345 3.98242604117553 40.7895533101716 Trimmed Mean ( 17 / 20 ) 162.262962962963 3.94943520123817 41.0851057670456 Trimmed Mean ( 18 / 20 ) 162.092 3.91062194541994 41.4491613513906 Trimmed Mean ( 19 / 20 ) 161.952173913043 3.85579421062284 42.0022867057738 Trimmed Mean ( 20 / 20 ) 161.852380952381 3.77166515611959 42.9127120921041 Median 160.7 Midrange 189.4 Midmean - Weighted Average at Xnp 161.48 Midmean - Weighted Average at X(n+1)p 162.609677419355 Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function 162.609677419355 Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging 162.609677419355 Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation 162.609677419355 Midmean - Closest Observation 161.68125 Midmean - True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit 162.609677419355 Midmean - MS Excel (old versions) 162.609677419355 Number of observations 61

Charts produced by software:

http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Dec/21/t1261405054rdh24qd3vd8rh0x/1lvl61261405008.png (open in new window) http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Dec/21/t1261405054rdh24qd3vd8rh0x/1lvl61261405008.ps (open in new window) http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Dec/21/t1261405054rdh24qd3vd8rh0x/2ig651261405008.png (open in new window) http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2009/Dec/21/t1261405054rdh24qd3vd8rh0x/2ig651261405008.ps (open in new window)

Parameters (Session):

Parameters (R input):

R code (references can be found in the software module):

geomean <- function(x) { return(exp(mean(log(x)))) } harmean <- function(x) { return(1/mean(1/x)) } quamean <- function(x) { return(sqrt(mean(x*x))) } winmean <- function(x) { x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)]) n<-length(x) denom <- 3 nodenom <- n/denom if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40 sqrtn = sqrt(n) roundnodenom = floor(nodenom) win <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2)) for (j in 1:roundnodenom) { win[j,1] <- (j*x[j+1]+sum(x[(j+1):(n-j)])+j*x[n-j])/n win[j,2] <- sd(c(rep(x[j+1],j),x[(j+1):(n-j)],rep(x[n-j],j)))/sqrtn } return(win) } trimean <- function(x) { x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)]) n<-length(x) denom <- 3 nodenom <- n/denom if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40 sqrtn = sqrt(n) roundnodenom = floor(nodenom) tri <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2)) for (j in 1:roundnodenom) { tri[j,1] <- mean(x,trim=j/n) tri[j,2] <- sd(x[(j+1):(n-j)]) / sqrt(n-j*2) } return(tri) } midrange <- function(x) { return((max(x)+min(x))/2) } q1 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p; i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1] } q2 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n+1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1] } q3 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] } } q4 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2 } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] } } q5 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n-1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i+1] } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] + f*(data[i+2]-data[i+1]) } } q6 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- n*p+0.5 i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i qvalue <- data[i] } q7 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n+1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { qvalue <- f*data[i] + (1-f)*data[i+1] } } q8 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) { np <- (n+1)*p i <<- floor(np) f <<- np - i if (f==0) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { if (f == 0.5) { qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2 } else { if (f < 0.5) { qvalue <- data[i] } else { qvalue <- data[i+1] } } } } midmean <- function(x,def) { x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)]) n<-length(x) if (def==1) { qvalue1 <- q1(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q1(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==2) { qvalue1 <- q2(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q2(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==3) { qvalue1 <- q3(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q3(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==4) { qvalue1 <- q4(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q4(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==5) { qvalue1 <- q5(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q5(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==6) { qvalue1 <- q6(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q6(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==7) { qvalue1 <- q7(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q7(x,n,0.75,i,f) } if (def==8) { qvalue1 <- q8(x,n,0.25,i,f) qvalue3 <- q8(x,n,0.75,i,f) } midm <- 0 myn <- 0 roundno4 <- round(n/4) round3no4 <- round(3*n/4) for (i in 1:n) { if ((x[i]>=qvalue1) & (x[i]<=qvalue3)){ midm = midm + x[i] myn = myn + 1 } } midm = midm / myn return(midm) } (arm <- mean(x)) sqrtn <- sqrt(length(x)) (armse <- sd(x) / sqrtn) (armose <- arm / armse) (geo <- geomean(x)) (har <- harmean(x)) (qua <- quamean(x)) (win <- winmean(x)) (tri <- trimean(x)) (midr <- midrange(x)) midm <- array(NA,dim=8) for (j in 1:8) midm[j] <- midmean(x,j) midm bitmap(file='test1.png') lb <- win[,1] - 2*win[,2] ub <- win[,1] + 2*win[,2] if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(win[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(win[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax)) lines(ub,lty=3) lines(lb,lty=3) grid() dev.off() bitmap(file='test2.png') lb <- tri[,1] - 2*tri[,2] ub <- tri[,1] + 2*tri[,2] if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(tri[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(tri[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax)) lines(ub,lty=3) lines(lb,lty=3) grid() dev.off() load(file='createtable') a<-table.start() a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data',4,TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Measure',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Value',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'S.E.',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,'Value/S.E.',header=TRUE) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', 'Arithmetic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Arithmetic Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,arm) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean_standard_error.htm', armse, 'click to view the definition of the Standard Error of the Arithmetic Mean')) a<-table.element(a,armose) a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm', 'Geometric Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Geometric Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,geo) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/harmonic_mean.htm', 'Harmonic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Harmonic Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,har) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/quadratic_mean.htm', 'Quadratic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Quadratic Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,qua) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) for (j in 1:length(win[,1])) { a<-table.row.start(a) mylabel <- paste('Winsorized Mean (',j) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/') mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(win[,1])) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')') a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/winsorized_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Winsorized Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]) a<-table.element(a,win[j,2]) a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]/win[j,2]) a<-table.row.end(a) } for (j in 1:length(tri[,1])) { a<-table.row.start(a) mylabel <- paste('Trimmed Mean (',j) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/') mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(tri[,1])) mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')') a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Trimmed Mean'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]) a<-table.element(a,tri[j,2]) a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]/tri[j,2]) a<-table.row.end(a) } a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/median_1.htm', 'Median', 'click to view the definition of the Median'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,median(x)) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midrange.htm', 'Midrange', 'click to view the definition of the Midrange'),header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midr) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_1.htm','Weighted Average at Xnp',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[1]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_2.htm','Weighted Average at X(n+1)p',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[2]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_3.htm','Empirical Distribution Function',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[3]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_4.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[4]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_5.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[5]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_6.htm','Closest Observation',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[6]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_7.htm','True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[7]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean') mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_8.htm','MS Excel (old versions)',''),sep=' - ') a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,midm[8]) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.row.start(a) a<-table.element(a,'Number of observations',header=TRUE) a<-table.element(a,length(x)) a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.element(a,'') a<-table.row.end(a) a<-table.end(a) table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.

Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa

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