<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
  <dc:title>Correction of Heaping on Individual Level</dc:title>
  <dc:title>R package heaping version 0.2.0</dc:title>
  <dc:description>Provides methods for correcting heaping (digit preference) in
    survey data at the individual record level. Age heaping, where respondents
    disproportionately report ages ending in 0 or 5, is a common phenomenon that
    can distort demographic analyses. Unlike traditional smoothing methods that
    only correct aggregated statistics, this package corrects individual values
    by replacing a calculated proportion of heaped observations with draws from
    fitted truncated distributions (log-normal, normal, or uniform). Supports
    5-year and 10-year heaping patterns, single heap correction, survey
    weights, and optional covariate-conditional (model-based) correction via
    quantile regression forests or linear models to preserve relationships. A
    multiple-imputation wrapper repeats the correction to propagate the added
    uncertainty into downstream inference. </dc:description>
  <dc:type>Software</dc:type>
  <dc:relation>Depends: R (&gt;= 3.5.0)</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>Imports: fitdistrplus, EnvStats, stats</dc:relation>
  <dc:relation>Suggests: VIM, ranger, data.table, ggplot2, simPop, testthat (&gt;=
3.0.0), knitr, rmarkdown</dc:relation>
  <dc:creator>Matthias Templ &lt;matthias.templ@gmail.com&gt;</dc:creator>
  <dc:publisher>Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN)</dc:publisher>
  <dc:contributor>Matthias Templ [aut, cre] (ORCID:
    &lt;https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-5276&gt;),
  Bernhard Meindl [ctb]</dc:contributor>
  <dc:rights>GPL (&gt;= 2)</dc:rights>
  <dc:date>2026-07-13</dc:date>
  <dc:format>application/tgz</dc:format>
  <dc:identifier>https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=heaping</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.heaping</dc:identifier>
</oai_dc:dc>
