Develops stochastic models based on the Theory of Island
    Biogeography (TIB) of MacArthur and Wilson (1967) <doi:10.1023/A:1016393430551>
    and extensions. It implements methods to estimate colonization and
    extinction rates (including environmental variables) given presence-absence
    data, simulates community assembly, and performs model selection.

A curated reference list of countries and territories with
    classifications for Small Island Developing States (SIDS),
    sub-national island jurisdictions (SNIJ), World Bank region and
    income group, and political association. Sub-sovereign cases such
    as Aruba, Curacao, Bonaire, Sint Maarten, the French overseas
    territories, and Aaland Islands are represented with disambiguating
    codes that standard country-code packages often collapse or omit.
    Provides predicate helpers and a tidy joiner intended to extend
    rather than replace 'countrycode'. Source data is maintained at
    <https://github.com/University-of-Aruba/island-research-reference-data>
    and licensed CC BY 4.0.

An implementation of the induced smoothing (IS) idea to lasso regularization models to allow estimation and inference on the model coefficients (currently hypothesis testing only). Linear, logistic, Poisson and gamma regressions with several link functions are implemented. The algorithm is described in the original paper; see <doi:10.1177/0962280219842890> and discussed in a tutorial <doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.16360.11521>.

Facilitates the calculation of validated pancreatic islet
    hormone-release indices from fasting and oral glucose tolerance test
    (OGTT) measurements. Provides beta-cell insulin release indices
    (including HOMA-beta, corrected insulin response, Stumvoll first-phase
    index, BIGTT-AIR, and disposition indices) as described in
    Madsen (2024) <doi:10.1038/s42255-024-01140-6>, alongside alpha-cell
    glucagon release and glucagon resistance indices derived from the
    glucagon-suppression and liver-alpha-cell-axis literature. Enables
    reproducible assessment of beta-cell and alpha-cell function for
    metabolic and endocrine research.