Estimate the causal treatment effect for subjects that can adhere 
    to one or both of the treatments. Given longitudinal data with missing 
    observations, consistent causal effects are calculated. Unobserved potential
    outcomes are estimated through direct integration as described in: 
    Qu et al., (2019) <doi:10.1080/19466315.2019.1700157> and 
    Zhang et. al., (2021) <doi:10.1080/19466315.2021.1891965>.

The R package 'adagio' will provide methods and algorithms for
    (discrete) optimization, e.g. knapsack and subset sum procedures,
	derivative-free Nelder-Mead and Hooke-Jeeves minimization, and
	some (evolutionary) global optimization functions.

Collection of several algorithms to obtain archetypoids with small and large databases, and with both classical 
	multivariate data and functional data (univariate and multivariate). Some of these algorithms also allow to detect 
	anomalies (outliers). Please see Vinue and Epifanio (2020) <doi:10.1007/s11634-020-00412-9>.

The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is a type of optimization method of Evolutionary Algorithms. It uses the biologically inspired operators such as mutation, crossover, selection and replacement.Because of their global search and robustness abilities, GAs have been widely utilized in machine learning, expert systems, data science, engineering, life sciences and many other areas of research and business. However, the regular GAs need the techniques to improve their efficiency in computing time and performance in finding global optimum using some adaptation and hybridization strategies. The adaptive GAs (AGA) increase the convergence speed and success of regular GAs by setting the parameters crossover and mutation probabilities dynamically. The hybrid GAs combine the exploration strength of a stochastic GAs with the exact convergence ability of any type of deterministic local search algorithms such as simulated-annealing, in addition to other nature-inspired algorithms such as ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization etc. The package 'adana' includes a rich working environment with its many functions that make possible to build and work regular GA, adaptive GA, hybrid GA and hybrid adaptive GA for any kind of optimization problems. Cebeci, Z. (2021, ISBN: 9786254397448).