(Bifactor) ESEM with Continuous (MLR) or Ordered (WLSMV) Data R package bifactory version 0.5.1 Fits bifactor exploratory structural equation models (B-ESEM), together with standard exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), for continuous and ordered-categorical data. Continuous models use 'lavaan' native efa() blocks with robust maximum likelihood (MLR) estimation. Ordered-categorical ESEM defaults to the 'lavaan' weighted least squares mean- and variance-adjusted (WLSMV) estimator; ordered B-ESEM uses a custom diagonally weighted least squares (DWLS) path with polychoric correlations from 'psych', rotation-delta standard errors via 'numDeriv', and a mean- and variance-adjusted chi-square. Target, geomin, and oblimin rotations use 'GPArotation'; the bifactor ESEM approach follows Morin, Arens and Marsh (2016) <doi:10.1080/10705511.2014.961800>. Additional features include multi-group measurement invariance (configural through strict, with partial invariance), ESEM-within-CFA conversion, McDonald's omega reliability suite, and the Mehrvarz and Rouder (2026) <doi:10.31234/osf.io/95enc_v3> alignment ratio check for independent cluster model confirmatory factor analysis (ICM-CFA) misspecification. An optional 'MplusAutomation' interface allows side-by-side comparison with 'Mplus' output. Software Depends: R (>= 4.1.0) Imports: lavaan (>= 0.6-21), GPArotation, psych, MASS, numDeriv, stats, utils, graphics, methods, withr Suggests: MplusAutomation, openxlsx2, testthat (>= 3.0.0) Leon T. De Beer <leondb@gmail.com> Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN) Leon T. De Beer [aut, cre] AGPL-3 2026-07-11 application/tgz https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=bifactory doi:10.32614/CRAN.package.bifactory