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Description of Statistical Computation

Author's title

Author*The author of this computation has been verified*
R Software Modulerwasp_rwalk.wasp
Title produced by softwareLaw of Averages
Date of computationMon, 01 Dec 2008 13:06:04 -0700
Cite this page as followsStatistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?v=date/2008/Dec/01/t1228162011xgu5s44up8aw0m4.htm/, Retrieved Sun, 05 May 2024 19:52:29 +0000
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=27304, Retrieved Sun, 05 May 2024 19:52:29 +0000
QR Codes:

Original text written by user:
IsPrivate?No (this computation is public)
User-defined keywordsQ1 Law of averages
Estimated Impact257

Tree of Dependent Computations

Family? (F = Feedback message, R = changed R code, M = changed R Module, P = changed Parameters, D = changed Data)
F     [Law of Averages] [Random Walk Simul...] [2008-11-25 17:50:19] [b98453cac15ba1066b407e146608df68]
F       [Law of Averages] [opdracht random w...] [2008-11-26 12:13:13] [74be16979710d4c4e7c6647856088456]
F           [Law of Averages] [Q1 Law of Averages] [2008-12-01 20:06:04] [8da7502cfecb272886bc60b3f290b8b8] [Current]
-             [Law of Averages] [Q1 Law of Average...] [2008-12-01 20:08:28] [9e54d1454d464f1bf9ee4a54d5d56945]
-               [Law of Averages] [Q1 Law of Average...] [2008-12-01 20:10:26] [9e54d1454d464f1bf9ee4a54d5d56945]
-                 [Law of Averages] [Q1 Law of Average...] [2008-12-01 20:11:41] [9e54d1454d464f1bf9ee4a54d5d56945]
Feedback Forum
2008-12-08 18:22:10 [Evelien Blockx] [reply] 
Q1
Er is in totaal 4x gereproduceerd, dus dat is goed. Het verloop van de random walks is ook zeer nauwkeurig beschreven.

Een random walk ontstaat door bij de vorige berekening telkens een toevalscomponent bij te tellen.

Naarmate je de munt meer keer werpt, vergroot de kans dat er een gelijk aantal keer kop of munt wordt gegooid.

Er is echter geen antwoord op de laatste vraag gegeven (Do these time series exhibit seasonality or a trend on the long run?). Visueel stel je hier wel een soort van lange termijn trend vast. Seizoenaliteit is echter niet te vinden.

Verder zeg je “Ik kan concluderen dat reproducering 3 en 4 het meeste op elkaar lijken. Volgens mij nemen de schommelingen af naarmate je meer gaat reproduceren.”

Het is echter toevallig dat reproductie 3 en 4 het meest op elkaar lijken. Bij elke reproductie gaat de computer namelijk opnieuw 500 worpen doen met een onvervalste munt. Dat leidt telkens tot andere resultaten en tot andere grafieken.
2008-12-09 07:49:40 [An De Koninck] [reply] 
Bij het tossen is er telkens 50% kans dat je munt of kop gooit. Er is geen sprake van seizonaliteit of lange termijntrend. De uitslag van de worpen zijn steeds gebaseerd op toeval.

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Dataset

Tables (Output of Computation)





Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time1 seconds
R Server'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132

\begin{tabular}{lllllllll}
\hline
Summary of computational transaction \tabularnewline
Raw Input & view raw input (R code)  \tabularnewline
Raw Output & view raw output of R engine  \tabularnewline
Computing time & 1 seconds \tabularnewline
R Server & 'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132 \tabularnewline
\hline
\end{tabular}
%Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=27304&T=0

[TABLE]
[ROW][C]Summary of computational transaction[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Input[/C][C]view raw input (R code) [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Raw Output[/C][C]view raw output of R engine [/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]Computing time[/C][C]1 seconds[/C][/ROW]
[ROW][C]R Server[/C][C]'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132[/C][/ROW]
[/TABLE]
Source: https://freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=27304&T=0

Globally Unique Identifier (entire table): ba.freestatistics.org/blog/index.php?pk=27304&T=0

As an alternative you can also use a QR Code:  
QR Code


The GUIDs for individual cells are displayed in the table below:

Summary of computational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time1 seconds
R Server'George Udny Yule' @ 72.249.76.132


Figures (Output of Computation)

Input Parameters & R Code

Parameters (Session):
par1 = 500 ; par2 = 0.5 ;
Parameters (R input):
par1 = 500 ; par2 = 0.5 ;
R code (references can be found in the software module):
n <- as.numeric(par1)
p <- as.numeric(par2)
heads=rbinom(n-1,1,p)
a=2*(heads)-1
b=diffinv(a,xi=0)
c=1:n
pheads=(diffinv(heads,xi=.5))/c
bitmap(file='test1.png')
op=par(mfrow=c(2,1))
plot(c,b,type='n',main='Law of Averages',xlab='Toss Number',ylab='Excess of Heads',lwd=2,cex.lab=1.5,cex.main=2)
lines(c,b,col='red')
lines(c,rep(0,n),col='black')
plot(c,pheads,type='n',xlab='Toss Number',ylab='Proportion of Heads',lwd=2,cex.lab=1.5)
lines(c,pheads,col='blue')
lines(c,rep(.5,n),col='black')
par(op)
dev.off()