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Centrummaten GEmiddelde consumptieprijzen mineraalwater - Rebecca De Cauwer

R Software Module: rwasp_centraltendency.wasp (opens new window with default values)
Title produced by software: Central Tendency
Date of computation: Wed, 16 Apr 2008 10:40:42 -0600
 
Cite this page as follows:
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2008/Apr/16/t1208364122l4emgm07kmjnudw.htm/, Retrieved Wed, 16 Apr 2008 18:42:02 +0200
 
User-defined keywords:
 
Dataseries X:
» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «
1,12 1,12 1,12 1,13 1,13 1,13 1,14 1,14 1,14 1,14 1,14 1,15 1,15 1,17 1,17 1,18 1,18 1,18 1,18 1,18 1,18 1,19 1,19 1,19 1,19 1,19 1,2 1,21 1,21 1,21 1,21 1,21 1,23 1,24 1,24 1,24 1,27 1,28 1,29 1,29 1,3 1,31 1,31 1,31 1,32 1,32 1,33 1,33 1,34 1,35 1,36 1,37 1,37 1,37 1,37 1,37 1,38 1,38 1,39 1,39 1,39 1,41 1,42 1,42 1,42 1,43 1,43 1,44 1,46 1,46 1,47 1,47 1,47 1,48 1,49 1,49 1,5 1,5 1,51 1,52 1,53 1,53 1,53 1,54
 
Text written by user:
 
Output produced by software:


Summary of compuational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time3 seconds
R Server'Herman Ole Andreas Wold' @ 193.190.124.10:1001


Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data
MeasureValueS.E.Value/S.E.
Arithmetic Mean1.306309523809520.014241966625611391.7225519585472
Geometric Mean1.29990869529583
Harmonic Mean1.29357683624514
Quadratic Mean1.31273750685534
Winsorized Mean ( 1 / 28 )1.306190476190480.014218910547281791.8629083323254
Winsorized Mean ( 2 / 28 )1.306190476190480.014218910547281791.8629083323254
Winsorized Mean ( 3 / 28 )1.306547619047620.014163918312887792.2447863779896
Winsorized Mean ( 4 / 28 )1.306071428571430.014075056831772992.7933325017283
Winsorized Mean ( 5 / 28 )1.305476190476190.013968044796674493.461626840358
Winsorized Mean ( 6 / 28 )1.305476190476190.013738192929828495.025320807785
Winsorized Mean ( 7 / 28 )1.305476190476190.013738192929828495.025320807785
Winsorized Mean ( 8 / 28 )1.304523809523810.013578573070871196.0722310595572
Winsorized Mean ( 9 / 28 )1.304523809523810.013578573070871196.0722310595572
Winsorized Mean ( 10 / 28 )1.303333333333330.013385940395345397.3658401905435
Winsorized Mean ( 11 / 28 )1.303333333333330.0129911631262458100.324606862971
Winsorized Mean ( 12 / 28 )1.303333333333330.0129911631262458100.324606862971
Winsorized Mean ( 13 / 28 )1.306428571428570.0125683933382771103.945551055427
Winsorized Mean ( 14 / 28 )1.304761904761900.0123110809208123105.982725087621
Winsorized Mean ( 15 / 28 )1.306547619047620.0120805933518203108.152603187388
Winsorized Mean ( 16 / 28 )1.302738095238100.0115151016990431113.133008225742
Winsorized Mean ( 17 / 28 )1.300714285714290.0112293486290860115.831677212800
Winsorized Mean ( 18 / 28 )1.300714285714290.0112293486290860115.831677212800
Winsorized Mean ( 19 / 28 )1.298452380952380.0109207414856351118.897822337461
Winsorized Mean ( 20 / 28 )1.298452380952380.0109207414856351118.897822337461
Winsorized Mean ( 21 / 28 )1.300952380952380.0105996609667946122.735282291373
Winsorized Mean ( 22 / 28 )1.298333333333330.0102504961655003126.660535487353
Winsorized Mean ( 23 / 28 )1.292857142857140.00955488332878033135.308522183931
Winsorized Mean ( 24 / 28 )1.292857142857140.00955488332878033135.308522183931
Winsorized Mean ( 25 / 28 )1.292857142857140.00955488332878033135.308522183931
Winsorized Mean ( 26 / 28 )1.292857142857140.00878207411913313147.215467020536
Winsorized Mean ( 27 / 28 )1.296071428571430.00837828014757757154.694209997999
Winsorized Mean ( 28 / 28 )1.292738095238100.00798261017031857161.944284846181
Trimmed Mean ( 1 / 28 )1.305731707317070.014122992339118792.4543238404497
Trimmed Mean ( 2 / 28 )1.305250.014007203165026593.1841984886016
Trimmed Mean ( 3 / 28 )1.304743589743590.013868374579800694.0804982037303
Trimmed Mean ( 4 / 28 )1.304078947368420.013725603724399995.010680298905
Trimmed Mean ( 5 / 28 )1.303513513513510.013584559630846795.9555222205071
Trimmed Mean ( 6 / 28 )1.303055555555560.013445302873563396.915299551762
Trimmed Mean ( 7 / 28 )1.302571428571430.013333880497498297.688848255077
Trimmed Mean ( 8 / 28 )1.302058823529410.013195628788312498.6734959293998
Trimmed Mean ( 9 / 28 )1.301666666666670.013059989493231899.6682782433508
Trimmed Mean ( 10 / 28 )1.301250.0128916809031226100.937186529711
Trimmed Mean ( 11 / 28 )1.300967741935480.012722290380411102.258925322019
Trimmed Mean ( 12 / 28 )1.300666666666670.0125861251439575103.341310513753
Trimmed Mean ( 13 / 28 )1.300344827586210.0124129528518480104.757090686332
Trimmed Mean ( 14 / 28 )1.299642857142860.0122685435733024105.932937302437
Trimmed Mean ( 15 / 28 )1.299074074074070.0121292495446182107.102592728046
Trimmed Mean ( 16 / 28 )1.298269230769230.0119851628795496108.323036058566
Trimmed Mean ( 17 / 28 )1.29780.0118985164570022109.072421313185
Trimmed Mean ( 18 / 28 )1.29750.0118257892244087109.717835772172
Trimmed Mean ( 19 / 28 )1.297173913043480.0117158921898703110.719174606697
Trimmed Mean ( 20 / 28 )1.297045454545450.0116165822711877111.654652312194
Trimmed Mean ( 21 / 28 )1.296904761904760.0114687278448138113.08183256709
Trimmed Mean ( 22 / 28 )1.29650.011320222431447114.529551680750
Trimmed Mean ( 23 / 28 )1.296315789473680.0111782470922637115.967716474155
Trimmed Mean ( 24 / 28 )1.296666666666670.0111126982993359116.683332143027
Trimmed Mean ( 25 / 28 )1.297058823529410.0109896192451037118.025820058079
Trimmed Mean ( 26 / 28 )1.29750.0107856685078529120.298523828662
Trimmed Mean ( 27 / 28 )1.2980.0106716942174738121.630171699884
Trimmed Mean ( 28 / 28 )1.298214285714290.0105791745538281122.714137961220
Median1.31
Midrange1.33
Midmean - Weighted Average at Xnp1.2878
Midmean - Weighted Average at X(n+1)p1.3025
Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function1.2878
Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging1.3025
Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation1.3025
Midmean - Closest Observation1.2878
Midmean - True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit1.3025
Midmean - MS Excel (old versions)1.2878
Number of observations84
 
Charts produced by software:
http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2008/Apr/16/t1208364122l4emgm07kmjnudw/1rh7x1208364036.png (open in new window)
http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2008/Apr/16/t1208364122l4emgm07kmjnudw/1rh7x1208364036.ps (open in new window)


http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2008/Apr/16/t1208364122l4emgm07kmjnudw/29yfk1208364036.png (open in new window)
http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2008/Apr/16/t1208364122l4emgm07kmjnudw/29yfk1208364036.ps (open in new window)


 
Parameters (Session):
 
Parameters (R input):
 
R code (references can be found in the software module):
geomean <- function(x) {
return(exp(mean(log(x))))
}
harmean <- function(x) {
return(1/mean(1/x))
}
quamean <- function(x) {
return(sqrt(mean(x*x)))
}
winmean <- function(x) {
x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
n<-length(x)
denom <- 3
nodenom <- n/denom
if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
sqrtn = sqrt(n)
roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
win <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
win[j,1] <- (j*x[j+1]+sum(x[(j+1):(n-j)])+j*x[n-j])/n
win[j,2] <- sd(c(rep(x[j+1],j),x[(j+1):(n-j)],rep(x[n-j],j)))/sqrtn
}
return(win)
}
trimean <- function(x) {
x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
n<-length(x)
denom <- 3
nodenom <- n/denom
if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
sqrtn = sqrt(n)
roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
tri <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
tri[j,1] <- mean(x,trim=j/n)
tri[j,2] <- sd(x[(j+1):(n-j)]) / sqrt(n-j*2)
}
return(tri)
}
midrange <- function(x) {
return((max(x)+min(x))/2)
}
q1 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p;
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
}
q2 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n+1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
}
q3 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
}
}
q4 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
}
}
q5 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n-1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1] + f*(data[i+2]-data[i+1])
}
}
q6 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p+0.5
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
qvalue <- data[i]
}
q7 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n+1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
qvalue <- f*data[i] + (1-f)*data[i+1]
}
}
q8 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n+1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
if (f == 0.5) {
qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
} else {
if (f < 0.5) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
}
}
}
}
midmean <- function(x,def) {
x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
n<-length(x)
if (def==1) {
qvalue1 <- q1(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q1(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==2) {
qvalue1 <- q2(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q2(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==3) {
qvalue1 <- q3(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q3(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==4) {
qvalue1 <- q4(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q4(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==5) {
qvalue1 <- q5(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q5(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==6) {
qvalue1 <- q6(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q6(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==7) {
qvalue1 <- q7(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q7(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==8) {
qvalue1 <- q8(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q8(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
midm <- 0
myn <- 0
roundno4 <- round(n/4)
round3no4 <- round(3*n/4)
for (i in 1:n) {
if ((x[i]>=qvalue1) & (x[i]<=qvalue3)){
midm = midm + x[i]
myn = myn + 1
}
}
midm = midm / myn
return(midm)
}
(arm <- mean(x))
sqrtn <- sqrt(length(x))
(armse <- sd(x) / sqrtn)
(armose <- arm / armse)
(geo <- geomean(x))
(har <- harmean(x))
(qua <- quamean(x))
(win <- winmean(x))
(tri <- trimean(x))
(midr <- midrange(x))
midm <- array(NA,dim=8)
for (j in 1:8) midm[j] <- midmean(x,j)
midm
bitmap(file='test1.png')
lb <- win[,1] - 2*win[,2]
ub <- win[,1] + 2*win[,2]
if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(win[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(win[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
lines(ub,lty=3)
lines(lb,lty=3)
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test2.png')
lb <- tri[,1] - 2*tri[,2]
ub <- tri[,1] + 2*tri[,2]
if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(tri[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(tri[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
lines(ub,lty=3)
lines(lb,lty=3)
grid()
dev.off()
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data',4,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Measure',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'S.E.',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Value/S.E.',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', 'Arithmetic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Arithmetic Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,arm)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean_standard_error.htm', armse, 'click to view the definition of the Standard Error of the Arithmetic Mean'))
a<-table.element(a,armose)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm', 'Geometric Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Geometric Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,geo)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/harmonic_mean.htm', 'Harmonic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Harmonic Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,har)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/quadratic_mean.htm', 'Quadratic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Quadratic Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,qua)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (j in 1:length(win[,1])) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
mylabel <- paste('Winsorized Mean (',j)
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(win[,1]))
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/winsorized_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Winsorized Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,win[j,1])
a<-table.element(a,win[j,2])
a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]/win[j,2])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
for (j in 1:length(tri[,1])) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
mylabel <- paste('Trimmed Mean (',j)
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(tri[,1]))
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Trimmed Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1])
a<-table.element(a,tri[j,2])
a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]/tri[j,2])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/median_1.htm', 'Median', 'click to view the definition of the Median'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,median(x))
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midrange.htm', 'Midrange', 'click to view the definition of the Midrange'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midr)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_1.htm','Weighted Average at Xnp',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[1])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_2.htm','Weighted Average at X(n+1)p',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[2])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_3.htm','Empirical Distribution Function',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[3])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_4.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[4])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_5.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[5])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_6.htm','Closest Observation',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[6])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_7.htm','True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[7])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_8.htm','MS Excel (old versions)',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[8])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Number of observations',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,length(x))
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')
 





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Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa


Disclaimer

Information provided on this web site is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and noninfringement. We use reasonable efforts to include accurate and timely information and periodically update the information, and software without notice. However, we make no warranties or representations as to the accuracy or completeness of such information (or software), and we assume no liability or responsibility for errors or omissions in the content of this web site, or any software bugs in online applications. Your use of this web site is AT YOUR OWN RISK. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory shall we be liable to you or any other person for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, exemplary, or consequential damages arising from your access to, or use of, this web site.


Privacy Policy

We may request personal information to be submitted to our servers in order to be able to:

  • personalize online software applications according to your needs
  • enforce strict security rules with respect to the data that you upload (e.g. statistical data)
  • manage user sessions of online applications
  • alert you about important changes or upgrades in resources or applications

We NEVER allow other companies to directly offer registered users information about their products and services. Banner references and hyperlinks of third parties NEVER contain any personal data of the visitor.

We do NOT sell, nor transmit by any means, personal information, nor statistical data series uploaded by you to third parties.

We carefully protect your data from loss, misuse, alteration, and destruction. However, at any time, and under any circumstance you are solely responsible for managing your passwords, and keeping them secret.

We store a unique ANONYMOUS USER ID in the form of a small 'Cookie' on your computer. This allows us to track your progress when using this website which is necessary to create state-dependent features. The cookie is used for NO OTHER PURPOSE. At any time you may opt to disallow cookies from this website - this will not affect other features of this website.

We examine cookies that are used by third-parties (banner and online ads) very closely: abuse from third-parties automatically results in termination of the advertising contract without refund. We have very good reason to believe that the cookies that are produced by third parties (banner ads) do NOT cause any privacy or security risk.

FreeStatistics.org is safe. There is no need to download any software to use the applications and services contained in this website. Hence, your system's security is not compromised by their use, and your personal data - other than data you submit in the account application form, and the user-agent information that is transmitted by your browser - is never transmitted to our servers.

As a general rule, we do not log on-line behavior of individuals (other than normal logging of webserver 'hits'). However, in cases of abuse, hacking, unauthorized access, Denial of Service attacks, illegal copying, hotlinking, non-compliance with international webstandards (such as robots.txt), or any other harmful behavior, our system engineers are empowered to log, track, identify, publish, and ban misbehaving individuals - even if this leads to ban entire blocks of IP addresses, or disclosing user's identity.


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