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Central tendacy: Consumenten vertrouwen

R Software Module: rwasp_centraltendency.wasp (opens new window with default values)
Title produced by software: Central Tendency
Date of computation: Thu, 29 Nov 2007 11:51:46 -0700
 
Cite this page as follows:
Statistical Computations at FreeStatistics.org, Office for Research Development and Education, URL http://www.freestatistics.org/blog/date/2007/Nov/29/t1196361762849vb7u744vs88l.htm/, Retrieved Thu, 29 Nov 2007 19:42:42 +0100
 
User-defined keywords:
W11Q4G7
 
Dataseries X:
» Textbox « » Textfile « » CSV «
0.095999941317353 -9.04408807056135 -5.09231333875753 7.34313713653525 6.63560018064468 3.32877271982314 2.66433993189590 -0.102551622536283 2.14800045472388 0.381767052098206 0.0520150966988598 -1.20429974984834 0.180933464398733 -0.623766913864838 -1.31699930330405 -3.40640402011230 -1.53027725362198 -4.86615759463456 -6.8264968223268 3.35606979091632 0.686295503992223 -1.77200501850743 -3.95774549279631 0.0345911855711826 4.63103090010043 -9.3080691781087 6.37194274609009 -0.0403904518462921 3.01666014093676 2.56424393277592 -0.988465785187376 0.23728358546037 -1.26100846567544 5.7468830292534 -2.52566837773900 2.49279610634753 1.46667487829410 -3.63179212590862 -0.535790141982679 0.603558137290495 0.174634385554984 3.06507606351888 1.65602728803071 -1.88476789218229 -5.80346444273218 -1.04548848092358 -1.69590743134157 -0.259433288445087 -4.90457543861949 3.33394982982317 -1.49406280930126 3.21349913534698 4.32420431407568 0.802285271849902 -1.58934873264713 1.14274861482444 -1.84219466957676 3.83591036015116 1.00529871442092 1.09713644310019 0.680043721142344 5.25197993911332 1.07071514425464 -6.68901009949608 6.44178681543623 3.26718864984128 -0.304065598533939 4.20123373389104 1.84426294601811 1.29559239481646 -0.24915579874099 0.129019730509375 0.76346286911035
 
Text written by user:
 
Output produced by software:


Summary of compuational transaction
Raw Inputview raw input (R code)
Raw Outputview raw output of R engine
Computing time3 seconds
R Server'Herman Ole Andreas Wold' @ 193.190.124.10:1001


Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data
MeasureValueS.E.Value/S.E.
Arithmetic Mean0.2306696968511610.4059073413657710.568281657767062
Geometric MeanNaN
Harmonic Mean1.68267624745219
Quadratic Mean3.45195364001585
Winsorized Mean ( 1 / 24 )0.224593589339610.4024869049231620.55801464989895
Winsorized Mean ( 2 / 24 )0.2800395587375850.3837323783345220.729778289632518
Winsorized Mean ( 3 / 24 )0.2828193938122940.3816508420171250.741042237238412
Winsorized Mean ( 4 / 24 )0.2970925960000860.3624341357145070.819714719791486
Winsorized Mean ( 5 / 24 )0.3119041037969750.3445052041521710.905368337075116
Winsorized Mean ( 6 / 24 )0.2762977088209600.3314011603058650.83372583417014
Winsorized Mean ( 7 / 24 )0.2505598842417990.3253547580738750.770112863033362
Winsorized Mean ( 8 / 24 )0.3366356674367150.3022540408933441.11375075893693
Winsorized Mean ( 9 / 24 )0.3317818309754860.2865988160767081.15765248271886
Winsorized Mean ( 10 / 24 )0.2969253291345930.2699245997585451.10003063596353
Winsorized Mean ( 11 / 24 )0.4263057742589990.2455925786592361.73582514824483
Winsorized Mean ( 12 / 24 )0.5308082469532480.2288978899608982.31897396277407
Winsorized Mean ( 13 / 24 )0.527422753584860.2259355252891052.33439496913987
Winsorized Mean ( 14 / 24 )0.5305871633389760.2222562971330982.38727617702204
Winsorized Mean ( 15 / 24 )0.5157257623809810.2149446449116072.39934222410177
Winsorized Mean ( 16 / 24 )0.5284693845425860.2098912991698422.51782416247256
Winsorized Mean ( 17 / 24 )0.4601785844019410.1947364520154362.3630839508438
Winsorized Mean ( 18 / 24 )0.4444269681500690.1896121665866552.34387368780453
Winsorized Mean ( 19 / 24 )0.4719159806405830.1802706961493272.61781859570606
Winsorized Mean ( 20 / 24 )0.39279137406660.1637369167783452.39891761610689
Winsorized Mean ( 21 / 24 )0.3217282966631470.1486995515426772.16361309314917
Winsorized Mean ( 22 / 24 )0.3128606725620770.1339265973662172.33606078788496
Winsorized Mean ( 23 / 24 )0.2711677489729080.1232052548985932.20094304578242
Winsorized Mean ( 24 / 24 )0.3348224518260250.0990003344920523.38203354103724
Trimmed Mean ( 1 / 24 )0.2648425339677210.381758338170770.693743940831098
Trimmed Mean ( 2 / 24 )0.3074247507481870.3566913364721950.861878939333732
Trimmed Mean ( 3 / 24 )0.3223435493808270.3390794725533790.950643065926332
Trimmed Mean ( 4 / 24 )0.3371397717218680.3187445312877561.05771154836695
Trimmed Mean ( 5 / 24 )0.3487407392920670.3017559025513891.15570478106116
Trimmed Mean ( 6 / 24 )0.3575573766400720.2872593363464571.24471977547435
Trimmed Mean ( 7 / 24 )0.3743143137892120.2735390638165371.36841264485816
Trimmed Mean ( 8 / 24 )0.3969561016512700.2582917104774421.53685188315766
Trimmed Mean ( 9 / 24 )0.4069638100550480.2458487428968691.65534224523477
Trimmed Mean ( 10 / 24 )0.4184696475242470.2344088422680751.78521272267398
Trimmed Mean ( 11 / 24 )0.4358671676074720.2241854407161761.94422602206042
Trimmed Mean ( 12 / 24 )0.4371621244060590.2172327871147862.01241318224703
Trimmed Mean ( 13 / 24 )0.4250412610267250.2120681400823882.00426740604032
Trimmed Mean ( 14 / 24 )0.4122654508442560.2059786883770352.00149566002490
Trimmed Mean ( 15 / 24 )0.3979174690965580.1988047004541232.0015496021352
Trimmed Mean ( 16 / 24 )0.3839337204627970.1910708604325562.00937871737024
Trimmed Mean ( 17 / 24 )0.3670249007867960.1819021522476212.01770510272562
Trimmed Mean ( 18 / 24 )0.3562137419570570.1736277428553052.0515946132751
Trimmed Mean ( 19 / 24 )0.3459922093981850.1636061179138142.11478772193867
Trimmed Mean ( 20 / 24 )0.3313312280573630.1522286571869162.17653649569104
Trimmed Mean ( 21 / 24 )0.3240947915111140.1415498982311722.28961515028305
Trimmed Mean ( 22 / 24 )0.3243784600232680.1312450989251752.47154722484687
Trimmed Mean ( 23 / 24 )0.3257939456876900.1213471743020232.68480867034297
Trimmed Mean ( 24 / 24 )0.3327290976184370.1103551510675863.01507536711776
Median0.180933464398733
Midrange-0.982466020786725
Midmean - Weighted Average at Xnp0.294879569989867
Midmean - Weighted Average at X(n+1)p0.356213741957057
Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function0.356213741957057
Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging0.356213741957057
Midmean - Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation0.356213741957057
Midmean - Closest Observation0.306569242073399
Midmean - True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit0.356213741957057
Midmean - MS Excel (old versions)0.356213741957057
Number of observations73
 
Charts produced by software:
http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2007/Nov/29/t1196361762849vb7u744vs88l/1xlbp1196362301.png (open in new window)
http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2007/Nov/29/t1196361762849vb7u744vs88l/1xlbp1196362301.ps (open in new window)


http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2007/Nov/29/t1196361762849vb7u744vs88l/24sty1196362301.png (open in new window)
http://127.0.0.1/wessadotnet/public_html/freestatisticsdotorg/blog/date/2007/Nov/29/t1196361762849vb7u744vs88l/24sty1196362301.ps (open in new window)


 
Parameters:
 
R code (references can be found in the software module):
geomean <- function(x) {
return(exp(mean(log(x))))
}
harmean <- function(x) {
return(1/mean(1/x))
}
quamean <- function(x) {
return(sqrt(mean(x*x)))
}
winmean <- function(x) {
x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
n<-length(x)
denom <- 3
nodenom <- n/denom
if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
sqrtn = sqrt(n)
roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
win <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
win[j,1] <- (j*x[j+1]+sum(x[(j+1):(n-j)])+j*x[n-j])/n
win[j,2] <- sd(c(rep(x[j+1],j),x[(j+1):(n-j)],rep(x[n-j],j)))/sqrtn
}
return(win)
}
trimean <- function(x) {
x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
n<-length(x)
denom <- 3
nodenom <- n/denom
if (nodenom>40) denom <- n/40
sqrtn = sqrt(n)
roundnodenom = floor(nodenom)
tri <- array(NA,dim=c(roundnodenom,2))
for (j in 1:roundnodenom) {
tri[j,1] <- mean(x,trim=j/n)
tri[j,2] <- sd(x[(j+1):(n-j)]) / sqrt(n-j*2)
}
return(tri)
}
midrange <- function(x) {
return((max(x)+min(x))/2)
}
q1 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p;
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
}
q2 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n+1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
qvalue <- (1-f)*data[i] + f*data[i+1]
}
q3 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
}
}
q4 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
}
}
q5 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n-1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1] + f*(data[i+2]-data[i+1])
}
}
q6 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- n*p+0.5
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
qvalue <- data[i]
}
q7 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n+1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
qvalue <- f*data[i] + (1-f)*data[i+1]
}
}
q8 <- function(data,n,p,i,f) {
np <- (n+1)*p
i <<- floor(np)
f <<- np - i
if (f==0) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
if (f == 0.5) {
qvalue <- (data[i]+data[i+1])/2
} else {
if (f < 0.5) {
qvalue <- data[i]
} else {
qvalue <- data[i+1]
}
}
}
}
midmean <- function(x,def) {
x <-sort(x[!is.na(x)])
n<-length(x)
if (def==1) {
qvalue1 <- q1(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q1(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==2) {
qvalue1 <- q2(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q2(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==3) {
qvalue1 <- q3(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q3(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==4) {
qvalue1 <- q4(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q4(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==5) {
qvalue1 <- q5(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q5(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==6) {
qvalue1 <- q6(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q6(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==7) {
qvalue1 <- q7(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q7(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
if (def==8) {
qvalue1 <- q8(x,n,0.25,i,f)
qvalue3 <- q8(x,n,0.75,i,f)
}
midm <- 0
myn <- 0
roundno4 <- round(n/4)
round3no4 <- round(3*n/4)
for (i in 1:n) {
if ((x[i]>=qvalue1) & (x[i]<=qvalue3)){
midm = midm + x[i]
myn = myn + 1
}
}
midm = midm / myn
return(midm)
}
(arm <- mean(x))
sqrtn <- sqrt(length(x))
(armse <- sd(x) / sqrtn)
(armose <- arm / armse)
(geo <- geomean(x))
(har <- harmean(x))
(qua <- quamean(x))
(win <- winmean(x))
(tri <- trimean(x))
(midr <- midrange(x))
midm <- array(NA,dim=8)
for (j in 1:8) midm[j] <- midmean(x,j)
midm
bitmap(file='test1.png')
lb <- win[,1] - 2*win[,2]
ub <- win[,1] + 2*win[,2]
if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(win[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(win[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Winsorized Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
lines(ub,lty=3)
lines(lb,lty=3)
grid()
dev.off()
bitmap(file='test2.png')
lb <- tri[,1] - 2*tri[,2]
ub <- tri[,1] + 2*tri[,2]
if ((ylimmin == '') | (ylimmax == '')) plot(tri[,1],type='b',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(min(lb),max(ub))) else plot(tri[,1],type='l',main=main, xlab='j', pch=19, ylab='Trimmed Mean(j/n)', ylim=c(ylimmin,ylimmax))
lines(ub,lty=3)
lines(lb,lty=3)
grid()
dev.off()
load(file='createtable')
a<-table.start()
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Central Tendency - Ungrouped Data',4,TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Measure',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Value',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'S.E.',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,'Value/S.E.',header=TRUE)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', 'Arithmetic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Arithmetic Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,arm)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean_standard_error.htm', armse, 'click to view the definition of the Standard Error of the Arithmetic Mean'))
a<-table.element(a,armose)
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/geometric_mean.htm', 'Geometric Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Geometric Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,geo)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/harmonic_mean.htm', 'Harmonic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Harmonic Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,har)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/quadratic_mean.htm', 'Quadratic Mean', 'click to view the definition of the Quadratic Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,qua)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
for (j in 1:length(win[,1])) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
mylabel <- paste('Winsorized Mean (',j)
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(win[,1]))
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/winsorized_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Winsorized Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,win[j,1])
a<-table.element(a,win[j,2])
a<-table.element(a,win[j,1]/win[j,2])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
for (j in 1:length(tri[,1])) {
a<-table.row.start(a)
mylabel <- paste('Trimmed Mean (',j)
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,'/')
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,length(tri[,1]))
mylabel <- paste(mylabel,')')
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/arithmetic_mean.htm', mylabel, 'click to view the definition of the Trimmed Mean'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1])
a<-table.element(a,tri[j,2])
a<-table.element(a,tri[j,1]/tri[j,2])
a<-table.row.end(a)
}
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/median_1.htm', 'Median', 'click to view the definition of the Median'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,median(x))
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midrange.htm', 'Midrange', 'click to view the definition of the Midrange'),header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midr)
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_1.htm','Weighted Average at Xnp',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[1])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_2.htm','Weighted Average at X(n+1)p',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[2])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_3.htm','Empirical Distribution Function',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[3])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_4.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Averaging',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[4])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_5.htm','Empirical Distribution Function - Interpolation',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[5])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_6.htm','Closest Observation',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[6])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_7.htm','True Basic - Statistics Graphics Toolkit',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[7])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
mymid <- hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/midmean.htm', 'Midmean', 'click to view the definition of the Midmean')
mylabel <- paste(mymid,hyperlink('http://www.xycoon.com/method_8.htm','MS Excel (old versions)',''),sep=' - ')
a<-table.element(a,mylabel,header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,midm[8])
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.row.start(a)
a<-table.element(a,'Number of observations',header=TRUE)
a<-table.element(a,length(x))
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.element(a,'')
a<-table.row.end(a)
a<-table.end(a)
table.save(a,file='mytable.tab')
 





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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 License.

Software written by Ed van Stee & Patrick Wessa


Disclaimer

Information provided on this web site is provided "AS IS" without warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including, without limitation, warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and noninfringement. We use reasonable efforts to include accurate and timely information and periodically update the information, and software without notice. However, we make no warranties or representations as to the accuracy or completeness of such information (or software), and we assume no liability or responsibility for errors or omissions in the content of this web site, or any software bugs in online applications. Your use of this web site is AT YOUR OWN RISK. Under no circumstances and under no legal theory shall we be liable to you or any other person for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, exemplary, or consequential damages arising from your access to, or use of, this web site.


Privacy Policy

We may request personal information to be submitted to our servers in order to be able to:

We NEVER allow other companies to directly offer registered users information about their products and services. Banner references and hyperlinks of third parties NEVER contain any personal data of the visitor.

We do NOT sell, nor transmit by any means, personal information, nor statistical data series uploaded by you to third parties.

We carefully protect your data from loss, misuse, alteration, and destruction. However, at any time, and under any circumstance you are solely responsible for managing your passwords, and keeping them secret.

We store a unique ANONYMOUS USER ID in the form of a small 'Cookie' on your computer. This allows us to track your progress when using this website which is necessary to create state-dependent features. The cookie is used for NO OTHER PURPOSE. At any time you may opt to disallow cookies from this website - this will not affect other features of this website.

We examine cookies that are used by third-parties (banner and online ads) very closely: abuse from third-parties automatically results in termination of the advertising contract without refund. We have very good reason to believe that the cookies that are produced by third parties (banner ads) do NOT cause any privacy or security risk.

FreeStatistics.org is safe. There is no need to download any software to use the applications and services contained in this website. Hence, your system's security is not compromised by their use, and your personal data - other than data you submit in the account application form, and the user-agent information that is transmitted by your browser - is never transmitted to our servers.

As a general rule, we do not log on-line behavior of individuals (other than normal logging of webserver 'hits'). However, in cases of abuse, hacking, unauthorized access, Denial of Service attacks, illegal copying, hotlinking, non-compliance with international webstandards (such as robots.txt), or any other harmful behavior, our system engineers are empowered to log, track, identify, publish, and ban misbehaving individuals - even if this leads to ban entire blocks of IP addresses, or disclosing user's identity.


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